Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth's atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky most of the time
The sky appears blue because of a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering. Here's how it works: Light Composition: Sunlight, or white light, contains all the colors of the spectrum (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). Interaction with Atmosphere: When sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere, it interacts with molecules and tiny particles in the air. Scattering of Colors: Shorter wavelengths of light, like blue and violet, scatter more than longer wavelengths like red and orange. This scattering happens because the particles in the atmosphere are much smaller than the wavelength of light. Why Not Violet? Even though violet light scatters more, our eyes are more sensitive to blue light, and some of the violet light is absorbed by the upper atmosphere. Overall Effect: The scattered blue light spreads out in all directions, making the sky look predominantly blue. At sunrise and sunset, the sky appears red or orange because the light travels through more of the atmosphere, scattering away the shorter wavelengths (blue and violet) and leaving the longer wavelengths (red and orange) visible.
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